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"""
sqlobject.sqlbuilder
--------------------
:author: Ian Bicking <[email protected]>
Builds SQL expressions from normal Python expressions.
Disclaimer
----------
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
License, or (at your option any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301,
USA.
Instructions
------------
To begin a SQL expression, you must use some sort of SQL object -- a
field, table, or SQL statement (``SELECT``, ``INSERT``, etc.) You can
then use normal operators, with the exception of: `and`, `or`, `not`,
and `in`. You can use the `AND`, `OR`, `NOT`, and `IN` functions
instead, or you can also use `&`, `|`, and `~` for `and`, `or`, and
`not` respectively (however -- the precidence for these operators
doesn't work as you would want, so you must use many parenthesis).
To create a sql field, table, or constant/function, use the namespaces
`table`, `const`, and `func`. For instance, ``table.address`` refers
to the ``address`` table, and ``table.address.state`` refers to the
``state`` field in the address table. ``const.NULL`` is the ``NULL``
SQL constant, and ``func.NOW()`` is the ``NOW()`` function call
(`const` and `func` are actually identicle, but the two names are
provided for clarity). Once you create this object, expressions
formed with it will produce SQL statements.
The ``sqlrepr(obj)`` function gets the SQL representation of these
objects, as well as the proper SQL representation of basic Python
types (None==NULL).
There are a number of DB-specific SQL features that this does not
implement. There are a bunch of normal ANSI features also not present.
See the bottom of this module for some examples, and run it (i.e.
``python sql.py``) to see the results of those examples.
"""
########################################
# Constants
########################################
import fnmatch
import operator
import re
import threading
import types
import weakref
from . import classregistry
from .converters import registerConverter, sqlrepr, quote_str, unquote_str
from .compat import PY2, string_type
class VersionError(Exception):
pass
class NoDefault:
pass
class SQLObjectState(object):
def __init__(self, soObject, connection=None):
self.soObject = weakref.proxy(soObject)
self.connection = connection
safeSQLRE = re.compile(r'^[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_\.]*$')
def sqlIdentifier(obj):
# some db drivers return unicode column names
return isinstance(obj, string_type) and bool(safeSQLRE.search(obj.strip()))
def execute(expr, executor):
if hasattr(expr, 'execute'):
return expr.execute(executor)
else:
return expr
def _str_or_sqlrepr(expr, db):
if isinstance(expr, string_type):
return expr
return sqlrepr(expr, db)
########################################
# Expression generation
########################################
class SQLExpression:
def __add__(self, other):
return SQLOp("+", self, other)
def __radd__(self, other):
return SQLOp("+", other, self)
def __sub__(self, other):
return SQLOp("-", self, other)
def __rsub__(self, other):
return SQLOp("-", other, self)
def __mul__(self, other):
return SQLOp("*", self, other)
def __rmul__(self, other):
return SQLOp("*", other, self)
def __div__(self, other):
return SQLOp("/", self, other)
def __rdiv__(self, other):
return SQLOp("/", other, self)
def __truediv__(self, other):
return SQLOp("/", self, other)
def __rtruediv__(self, other):
return SQLOp("/", other, self)
def __floordiv__(self, other):
return SQLConstant("FLOOR")(SQLOp("/", self, other))
def __rfloordiv__(self, other):
return SQLConstant("FLOOR")(SQLOp("/", other, self))
def __pos__(self):
return SQLPrefix("+", self)
def __neg__(self):
return SQLPrefix("-", self)
def __pow__(self, other):
return SQLConstant("POW")(self, other)
def __rpow__(self, other):
return SQLConstant("POW")(other, self)
def __abs__(self):
return SQLConstant("ABS")(self)
def __mod__(self, other):
return SQLModulo(self, other)
def __rmod__(self, other):
return SQLConstant("MOD")(other, self)
def __lt__(self, other):
return SQLOp("<", self, other)
def __le__(self, other):
return SQLOp("<=", self, other)
def __gt__(self, other):
return SQLOp(">", self, other)
def __ge__(self, other):
return SQLOp(">=", self, other)
def __eq__(self, other):
if other is None:
return ISNULL(self)
else:
return SQLOp("=", self, other)
def __ne__(self, other):
if other is None:
return ISNOTNULL(self)
else:
return SQLOp("<>", self, other)
def __and__(self, other):
return SQLOp("AND", self, other)
def __rand__(self, other):
return SQLOp("AND", other, self)
def __or__(self, other):
return SQLOp("OR", self, other)
def __ror__(self, other):
return SQLOp("OR", other, self)
def __invert__(self):
return SQLPrefix("NOT", self)
def __call__(self, *args):
return SQLCall(self, args)
def __repr__(self):
try:
return self.__sqlrepr__(None)
except AssertionError:
return '<%s %s>' % (
self.__class__.__name__, hex(id(self))[2:])
def __str__(self):
return repr(self)
def __cmp__(self, other):
raise VersionError("Python 2.1+ required")
def __rcmp__(self, other):
raise VersionError("Python 2.1+ required")
def startswith(self, s):
return STARTSWITH(self, s)
def endswith(self, s):
return ENDSWITH(self, s)
def contains(self, s):
return CONTAINSSTRING(self, s)
def components(self):
return []
def tablesUsed(self, db):
return self.tablesUsedSet(db)
def tablesUsedSet(self, db):
tables = set()
for table in self.tablesUsedImmediate():
if hasattr(table, '__sqlrepr__'):
table = sqlrepr(table, db)
tables.add(table)
for component in self.components():
tables.update(tablesUsedSet(component, db))
return tables
def tablesUsedImmediate(self):
return []
#######################################
# Converter for SQLExpression instances
#######################################
def SQLExprConverter(value, db):
return value.__sqlrepr__()
registerConverter(SQLExpression, SQLExprConverter)
def tablesUsedSet(obj, db):
if hasattr(obj, "tablesUsedSet"):
return obj.tablesUsedSet(db)
else:
return {}
if PY2:
div = operator.div
else:
div = operator.truediv
operatorMap = {
"+": operator.add,
"/": div,
"-": operator.sub,
"*": operator.mul,
"<": operator.lt,
"<=": operator.le,
"=": operator.eq,
"!=": operator.ne,
">=": operator.ge,
">": operator.gt,
"IN": operator.contains,
"IS": operator.eq,
}
class SQLOp(SQLExpression):
def __init__(self, op, expr1, expr2):
self.op = op.upper()
if isinstance(expr1, Subquery):
expr1, expr2 = expr2, expr1
self.expr1 = expr1
self.expr2 = expr2
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
s1 = sqlrepr(self.expr1, db)
s2 = sqlrepr(self.expr2, db)
if s1[0] != '(' and s1 != 'NULL':
s1 = '(' + s1 + ')'
if s2[0] != '(' and s2 != 'NULL' and \
not isinstance(self.expr2, Subquery):
s2 = '(' + s2 + ')'
return "(%s %s %s)" % (s1, self.op, s2)
def components(self):
return [self.expr1, self.expr2]
def execute(self, executor):
if self.op == "AND":
return execute(self.expr1, executor) \
and execute(self.expr2, executor)
elif self.op == "OR":
return execute(self.expr1, executor) \
or execute(self.expr2, executor)
else:
return operatorMap[self.op.upper()](execute(self.expr1, executor),
execute(self.expr2, executor))
registerConverter(SQLOp, SQLExprConverter)
class SQLModulo(SQLOp):
def __init__(self, expr1, expr2):
SQLOp.__init__(self, '%', expr1, expr2)
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
if db == 'sqlite':
return SQLOp.__sqlrepr__(self, db)
s1 = sqlrepr(self.expr1, db)
s2 = sqlrepr(self.expr2, db)
return "MOD(%s, %s)" % (s1, s2)
registerConverter(SQLModulo, SQLExprConverter)
class SQLCall(SQLExpression):
def __init__(self, expr, args):
self.expr = expr
self.args = args
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
return "%s%s" % (sqlrepr(self.expr, db), sqlrepr(self.args, db))
def components(self):
return [self.expr] + list(self.args)
def execute(self, executor):
raise ValueError("I don't yet know how to locally execute functions")
registerConverter(SQLCall, SQLExprConverter)
class SQLPrefix(SQLExpression):
def __init__(self, prefix, expr):
self.prefix = prefix
self.expr = expr
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
return "%s %s" % (self.prefix, sqlrepr(self.expr, db))
def components(self):
return [self.expr]
def execute(self, executor):
prefix = self.prefix
expr = execute(self.expr, executor)
if prefix == "+":
return expr
elif prefix == "-":
return -expr
elif prefix.upper() == "NOT":
return not expr
registerConverter(SQLPrefix, SQLExprConverter)
class SQLConstant(SQLExpression):
def __init__(self, const):
self.const = const
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
return self.const
def execute(self, executor):
raise ValueError("I don't yet know how to execute SQL constants")
registerConverter(SQLConstant, SQLExprConverter)
class SQLTrueClauseClass(SQLExpression):
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
return "1 = 1"
def execute(self, executor):
return 1
SQLTrueClause = SQLTrueClauseClass()
registerConverter(SQLTrueClauseClass, SQLExprConverter)
########################################
# Namespaces
########################################
class Field(SQLExpression):
def __init__(self, tableName, fieldName):
self.tableName = tableName
self.fieldName = fieldName
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
return self.tableName + "." + self.fieldName
def tablesUsedImmediate(self):
return [self.tableName]
def execute(self, executor):
return executor.field(self.tableName, self.fieldName)
class SQLObjectField(Field):
def __init__(self, tableName, fieldName, original, soClass, column):
Field.__init__(self, tableName, fieldName)
self.original = original
self.soClass = soClass
self.column = column
def _from_python(self, value):
column = self.column
if not isinstance(value, SQLExpression) and \
column and column.from_python:
value = column.from_python(value, SQLObjectState(self.soClass))
return value
def __eq__(self, other):
if other is None:
return ISNULL(self)
other = self._from_python(other)
return SQLOp('=', self, other)
def __ne__(self, other):
if other is None:
return ISNOTNULL(self)
other = self._from_python(other)
return SQLOp('<>', self, other)
def startswith(self, s):
s = self._from_python(s)
return STARTSWITH(self, s)
def endswith(self, s):
s = self._from_python(s)
return ENDSWITH(self, s)
def contains(self, s):
s = self._from_python(s)
return CONTAINSSTRING(self, s)
registerConverter(SQLObjectField, SQLExprConverter)
class Table(SQLExpression):
FieldClass = Field
def __init__(self, tableName):
self.tableName = tableName
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr.startswith('__'):
raise AttributeError("Attribute '%s' is forbidden in '%s'" % (
attr, self.__class__.__name__))
return self.FieldClass(self.tableName, attr)
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
return _str_or_sqlrepr(self.tableName, db)
def execute(self, executor):
raise ValueError("Tables don't have values")
class SQLObjectTable(Table):
FieldClass = SQLObjectField
def __init__(self, soClass):
self.soClass = soClass
assert soClass.sqlmeta.table, (
"Bad table name in class %r: %r"
% (soClass, soClass.sqlmeta.table))
Table.__init__(self, soClass.sqlmeta.table)
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr.startswith('__'):
raise AttributeError("Attribute '%s' is forbidden in '%s'" % (
attr, self.__class__.__name__))
if attr == 'id':
return self._getattrFromID(attr)
elif attr in self.soClass.sqlmeta.columns:
column = self.soClass.sqlmeta.columns[attr]
return self._getattrFromColumn(column, attr)
elif attr + 'ID' in \
[k for (k, v) in self.soClass.sqlmeta.columns.items()
if v.foreignKey]:
attr += 'ID'
column = self.soClass.sqlmeta.columns[attr]
return self._getattrFromColumn(column, attr)
else:
raise AttributeError(
"%s instance has no attribute '%s'" % (self.soClass.__name__,
attr))
def _getattrFromID(self, attr):
return self.FieldClass(self.tableName, self.soClass.sqlmeta.idName,
attr, self.soClass, None)
def _getattrFromColumn(self, column, attr):
return self.FieldClass(self.tableName, column.dbName, attr,
self.soClass, column)
class SQLObjectTableWithJoins(SQLObjectTable):
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr + 'ID' in \
[k for (k, v) in self.soClass.sqlmeta.columns.items()
if v.foreignKey]:
column = self.soClass.sqlmeta.columns[attr + 'ID']
return self._getattrFromForeignKey(column, attr)
elif attr in [x.joinMethodName for x in self.soClass.sqlmeta.joins]:
join = [x for x in self.soClass.sqlmeta.joins
if x.joinMethodName == attr][0]
return self._getattrFromJoin(join, attr)
else:
return SQLObjectTable.__getattr__(self, attr)
def _getattrFromForeignKey(self, column, attr):
ret = getattr(self, column.name) == \
getattr(self.soClass, '_SO_class_' + column.foreignKey).q.id
return ret
def _getattrFromJoin(self, join, attr):
if hasattr(join, 'otherColumn'):
return AND(
join.otherClass.q.id == Field(join.intermediateTable,
join.otherColumn),
Field(join.intermediateTable,
join.joinColumn) == self.soClass.q.id)
else:
return getattr(join.otherClass.q, join.joinColumn) == \
self.soClass.q.id
class TableSpace:
TableClass = Table
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr.startswith('__'):
raise AttributeError("Attribute '%s' is forbidden in '%s'" % (
attr, self.__class__.__name__))
return self.TableClass(attr)
class ConstantSpace:
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr.startswith('__'):
raise AttributeError("Attribute '%s' is forbidden in '%s'" % (
attr, self.__class__.__name__))
return SQLConstant(attr)
########################################
# Table aliases
########################################
class AliasField(Field):
def __init__(self, tableName, fieldName, alias, aliasTable):
Field.__init__(self, tableName, fieldName)
self.alias = alias
self.aliasTable = aliasTable
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
fieldName = self.fieldName
if isinstance(fieldName, SQLExpression):
fieldName = sqlrepr(fieldName, db)
return self.alias + "." + fieldName
def tablesUsedImmediate(self):
return [self.aliasTable]
class AliasTable(Table):
as_string = '' # set it to "AS" if your database requires it
FieldClass = AliasField
_alias_lock = threading.Lock()
_alias_counter = 0
def __init__(self, table, alias=None):
if hasattr(table, "sqlmeta"):
tableName = SQLConstant(table.sqlmeta.table)
elif isinstance(table, (Select, Union)):
assert alias is not None, \
"Alias name cannot be constructed from Select instances, " \
"please provide an 'alias' keyword."
tableName = Subquery('', table)
table = None
else:
tableName = SQLConstant(table)
table = None
Table.__init__(self, tableName)
self.table = table
if alias is None:
self._alias_lock.acquire()
try:
AliasTable._alias_counter += 1
alias = "%s_alias%d" % (tableName, AliasTable._alias_counter)
finally:
self._alias_lock.release()
self.alias = alias
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr.startswith('__'):
raise AttributeError("Attribute '%s' is forbidden in '%s'" % (
attr, self.__class__.__name__))
if self.table:
attr = getattr(self.table.q, attr).fieldName
return self.FieldClass(self.tableName, attr, self.alias, self)
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
return "%s %s %s" % (sqlrepr(self.tableName, db), self.as_string,
self.alias)
class AliasSQLMeta():
def __init__(self, table, alias):
self.__table = table
self.__alias = alias
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr.startswith('__'):
raise AttributeError("Attribute '%s' is forbidden in '%s'" % (
attr, self.__class__.__name__))
table = self.__table
if (attr == "table"):
return '%s %s' % (table.sqlmeta.table, self.__alias)
return getattr(table.sqlmeta, attr)
class Alias(SQLExpression):
def __init__(self, table, alias=None):
self.q = AliasTable(table, alias)
def __getattr__(self, attr):
table = self.q.table
if (attr == "sqlmeta") and hasattr(table, "sqlmeta"):
alias = self.q.alias
return AliasSQLMeta(table, alias)
return getattr(table, attr)
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
return sqlrepr(self.q, db)
def components(self):
return [self.q]
def select(self, clause=None, clauseTables=None,
orderBy=NoDefault, limit=None,
lazyColumns=False, reversed=False,
distinct=False, connection=None,
join=None, forUpdate=False):
# Import here to avoid circular import
from .sresults import SelectResults
return SelectResults(self, clause,
clauseTables=clauseTables,
orderBy=orderBy,
limit=limit,
lazyColumns=lazyColumns,
reversed=reversed,
distinct=distinct,
connection=connection,
join=join, forUpdate=forUpdate)
class Union(SQLExpression):
def __init__(self, *tables):
tabs = []
for t in tables:
if not isinstance(t, SQLExpression) and hasattr(t, 'sqlmeta'):
t = t.sqlmeta.table
if isinstance(t, Alias):
t = t.q
if isinstance(t, Table):
t = t.tableName
if not isinstance(t, SQLExpression):
t = SQLConstant(t)
tabs.append(t)
self.tables = tabs
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
return " UNION ".join([str(sqlrepr(t, db)) for t in self.tables])
########################################
# SQL Statements
########################################
class Select(SQLExpression):
def __init__(self, items=NoDefault, where=NoDefault, groupBy=NoDefault,
having=NoDefault, orderBy=NoDefault, limit=NoDefault,
join=NoDefault, lazyColumns=False, distinct=False,
start=0, end=None, reversed=False, forUpdate=False,
clause=NoDefault, staticTables=NoDefault,
distinctOn=NoDefault):
self.ops = {}
if not isinstance(items, (list, tuple, types.GeneratorType)):
items = [items]
if clause is NoDefault and where is not NoDefault:
clause = where
if staticTables is NoDefault:
staticTables = []
self.ops['items'] = items
self.ops['clause'] = clause
self.ops['groupBy'] = groupBy
self.ops['having'] = having
self.ops['orderBy'] = orderBy
self.ops['limit'] = limit
self.ops['join'] = join
self.ops['lazyColumns'] = lazyColumns
self.ops['distinct'] = distinct
self.ops['distinctOn'] = distinctOn
self.ops['start'] = start
self.ops['end'] = end
self.ops['reversed'] = reversed
self.ops['forUpdate'] = forUpdate
self.ops['staticTables'] = staticTables
def clone(self, **newOps):
ops = self.ops.copy()
ops.update(newOps)
return self.__class__(**ops)
def newItems(self, items):
return self.clone(items=items)
def newClause(self, new_clause):
return self.clone(clause=new_clause)
def orderBy(self, orderBy):
return self.clone(orderBy=orderBy)
def unlimited(self):
return self.clone(limit=NoDefault, start=0, end=None)
def limit(self, limit):
self.clone(limit=limit)
def lazyColumns(self, value):
return self.clone(lazyColumns=value)
def reversed(self):
return self.clone(reversed=not self.ops.get('reversed', False))
def distinct(self):
return self.clone(distinct=True)
def filter(self, filter_clause):
if filter_clause is None:
# None doesn't filter anything, it's just a no-op:
return self
clause = self.ops['clause']
if isinstance(clause, string_type):
clause = SQLConstant('(%s)' % clause)
return self.newClause(AND(clause, filter_clause))
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
select = "SELECT"
if self.ops['distinct']:
select += " DISTINCT"
if self.ops['distinctOn'] is not NoDefault:
select += " ON(%s)" % _str_or_sqlrepr(
self.ops['distinctOn'], db)
if not self.ops['lazyColumns']:
select += " %s" % ", ".join(
[str(_str_or_sqlrepr(v, db)) for v in self.ops['items']])
else:
select += " %s" % _str_or_sqlrepr(self.ops['items'][0], db)
join = []
join_str = ''
if self.ops['join'] is not NoDefault and self.ops['join'] is not None:
_join = self.ops['join']
if isinstance(_join, str):
join_str = " " + _join
elif isinstance(_join, SQLJoin):
join.append(_join)
else:
join.extend(_join)
tables = set()
for x in self.ops['staticTables']:
if isinstance(x, SQLExpression):
x = sqlrepr(x, db)
tables.add(x)
things = list(self.ops['items']) + join
if self.ops['clause'] is not NoDefault:
things.append(self.ops['clause'])
for thing in things:
if isinstance(thing, SQLExpression):
tables.update(tablesUsedSet(thing, db))
for j in join:
t1 = _str_or_sqlrepr(j.table1, db)
if t1 in tables:
tables.remove(t1)
t2 = _str_or_sqlrepr(j.table2, db)
if t2 in tables:
tables.remove(t2)
if tables:
select += " FROM %s" % ", ".join(sorted(tables))
elif join:
select += " FROM"
tablesYet = tables
for j in join:
if tablesYet and j.table1:
sep = ", "
else:
sep = " "
select += sep + sqlrepr(j, db)
tablesYet = True
if join_str:
select += join_str
if self.ops['clause'] is not NoDefault:
select += " WHERE %s" % _str_or_sqlrepr(self.ops['clause'], db)
if self.ops['groupBy'] is not NoDefault:
groupBy = _str_or_sqlrepr(self.ops['groupBy'], db)
if isinstance(self.ops['groupBy'], (list, tuple)):
groupBy = groupBy[1:-1] # Remove parens
select += " GROUP BY %s" % groupBy
if self.ops['having'] is not NoDefault:
select += " HAVING %s" % _str_or_sqlrepr(self.ops['having'], db)
if self.ops['orderBy'] is not NoDefault and \
self.ops['orderBy'] is not None:
orderBy = self.ops['orderBy']
if self.ops['reversed']:
reverser = DESC
else:
def reverser(x):
return x
if isinstance(orderBy, (list, tuple)):
select += " ORDER BY %s" % ", ".join(
[_str_or_sqlrepr(reverser(_x), db) for _x in orderBy])
else:
select += " ORDER BY %s" % _str_or_sqlrepr(
reverser(orderBy), db)
start, end = self.ops['start'], self.ops['end']
if self.ops['limit'] is not NoDefault:
end = start + self.ops['limit']
if start or end:
from .dbconnection import dbConnectionForScheme
select = dbConnectionForScheme(db)._queryAddLimitOffset(select,
start, end)
if self.ops['forUpdate']:
select += " FOR UPDATE"
return select
registerConverter(Select, SQLExprConverter)
class Insert(SQLExpression):
def __init__(self, table, valueList=None, values=None, template=NoDefault):
self.template = template
self.table = table
if valueList:
if values:
raise TypeError("You may only give valueList *or* values")
self.valueList = valueList
else:
self.valueList = [values]
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
if not self.valueList:
return ''
insert = "INSERT INTO %s" % self.table
allowNonDict = True
template = self.template
if (template is NoDefault) and isinstance(self.valueList[0], dict):
template = list(sorted(self.valueList[0].keys()))
allowNonDict = False
if template is not NoDefault:
insert += " (%s)" % ", ".join(template)
insert += " VALUES "
listToJoin = []
listToJoin_app = listToJoin.append
for value in self.valueList:
if isinstance(value, dict):
if template is NoDefault:
raise TypeError(
"You can't mix non-dictionaries with dictionaries "
"in an INSERT if you don't provide a template (%s)" %
repr(value))
value = dictToList(template, value)
elif not allowNonDict:
raise TypeError(
"You can't mix non-dictionaries with dictionaries "
"in an INSERT if you don't provide a template (%s)" %
repr(value))
listToJoin_app("(%s)" % ", ".join([sqlrepr(v, db) for v in value]))
insert = "%s%s" % (insert, ", ".join(listToJoin))
return insert
registerConverter(Insert, SQLExprConverter)
def dictToList(template, dict):
list = []
for key in template:
list.append(dict[key])
if len(dict.keys()) > len(template):
raise TypeError(
"Extra entries in dictionary that aren't asked for in template "
"(template=%s, dict=%s)" % (repr(template), repr(dict)))
return list
class Update(SQLExpression):
def __init__(self, table, values, template=NoDefault, where=NoDefault):
self.table = table
self.values = values
self.template = template
self.whereClause = where
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
update = "%s %s" % (self.sqlName(), self.table)
update += " SET"
first = True
if self.template is not NoDefault:
for i in range(len(self.template)):
if first:
first = False
else:
update += ","
update += " %s=%s" % (self.template[i],
sqlrepr(self.values[i], db))
else:
for key, value in sorted(self.values.items()):
if first:
first = False
else:
update += ","
update += " %s=%s" % (key, sqlrepr(value, db))
if self.whereClause is not NoDefault:
update += " WHERE %s" % _str_or_sqlrepr(self.whereClause, db)
return update
def sqlName(self):
return "UPDATE"
registerConverter(Update, SQLExprConverter)
class Delete(SQLExpression):
"""To be safe, this will signal an error if there is no where clause,
unless you pass in where=None to the constructor."""
def __init__(self, table, where=NoDefault):
self.table = table
if where is NoDefault:
raise TypeError(
"You must give a where clause or pass in None "
"to indicate no where clause")
self.whereClause = where
def __sqlrepr__(self, db):
whereClause = self.whereClause
if whereClause is None:
return "DELETE FROM %s" % self.table
whereClause = _str_or_sqlrepr(whereClause, db)
return "DELETE FROM %s WHERE %s" % (self.table, whereClause)
registerConverter(Delete, SQLExprConverter)
class Replace(Update):
def sqlName(self):
return "REPLACE"
registerConverter(Replace, SQLExprConverter)